[Pathological study on central nervous system in Iranian cattle and buffaloes: a provincial study]

Evaluation of clinical signs and pathological lesions could be very important for recognition of nervous system diseases in cattle and buffaloes. This study was carried out to understand the nature of pathological conditions affecting brain of cattle and buffaloes in an abattoir study. 46 samples out of 850 samples [37 cattle, 9 buffaloes] which showed various macroscopic lesions were collected for detailed examination. The specimens were ginned processed through routine method for paraffin embedding section [5-7micron], stained by haematoxilyin and eosin method. Congestion and hemorrhage [8 cows, 9 buffaloes]; pigmentation [4 cows]; chromatolysis [4 cows, 2 buffaloes]; gliosis [4 cows, 1 buffalo]; vacuolization of the white matter [4 cows]; necrosis [6 cattles, 2 buffaloes]; cerebellum edema [3 cows]; perivascular cuffing [4 cows, 3 buffaloes]; blood vessels hyperplasia [3 cows]; coenurus cerebralis [3 cows]; encephalitis [9 cattle, 1 buffalo]; mineralization [5 cows]; meningeal hemorrhage and congestion [10 cows, 9 buffaloes]; meningeal edema [2 cows]; meningitis [7 cows]; cerebral congestion and hemorrhage [1cow, 5 buffaloes]; degeneration of molecular layer [2 cows]; degeneration of granular layer [3 cows] Purkinje cells degeneration [cows 4, 1 buffalo]. Multiple lesions in the central nervous system have been observed in apparently healthy animals without clinical signs. Considering the importance of ruminants encephalopathy and comparing these results can be a basis for further study

Histopathological study of naturally occurring ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma in native goat in Khuzestan, Iran

Sheep [ovine] pulmonary adenocarcinoma [SPA], also known as ovine pulmonary adneomatosis [OPA], jaagsiekte and ovine pulmonary carcinoma [OPC] is a contagious lung tumor in sheep and, more rarely, in goats. This study was carried out in Khuzestan, in the southwest of Iran for a period of six months. A total number of 3985 native breed goats were clinically inspected and postmortem examination was recorded at the abattoir in Ahvaz. In necropsy 4 of these goats showed gross pulmonary lesions characteristic of classical pulmonary adenomatosis. The lungs were usually heavy and appeared "waterlogged", but affected areas of the lungs were solid and light grey in color, and tissue looked slightly translucent. The cut surface showed numerous small, slightly-elevated white-grey nodules in each section. The affected alveoli in these areas were lined by proliferating cuboidal cells forming irregular folds and papillary projections. The bronchi and the bronchioles exhibited moderate epithelial hyperplasia and metaplasia. The bronchial associated lymphoid tissue and the smooth muscles of terminal and respiratory bronchioles were hyperplastic. The affected areas were essentially the same and also nearly similar to previous reports

comparative study on bacteriology and pathology in uteri of cattle and buffaloes in Ahwaz region, Iran

Uterine infection is a major problem in reproductive management. The aim of this study was to find out the common pathological condition of cattle and buffaloes' uteri in the Ahwaz region and, also to compare uterilesions. One hundred and thirty eight cattle and 101 buffalo uteri were examined for macroscopic lesions, opening them through the cervix to the apex of the animals' horns. The prepared tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin, eosin, and Giemsa staining. Standard bacteriorogical works, were used for the isolation and identification of aerobes and anaerobes. Depending on the severity of the lesions, endometritis was scored from mild [level 1] to severe [level 4]. Level 1 including 39 cows [19.69%] and 36 buffaloes [28.8%]; Level 2 including 37 cows [18.68%] and 28 buffaloes [22.4%]; Level 3 including 23 cows [11.61%]and22buffaloes[17.6%];and, Level4including 17 cows [8.58%] and 5 buffaloes [4%]. Other lesions consisted of acute metritis: [cows=4.54%], buffalo=0.8%]; chronic metritis [cows= 2.02%] and buffaloes=2.4%; granulomatous metritis cow [0.5%] and buffalo [0.8%]; perimetritis [cows [3.3%] and buffaloes [1.6%]; pyometra: [cow 0.5%] and buffalo [0.8%]; external cysts: [buffalo 0.8%]; and, haemangioma: [cow [0.5%] and buffalo [0.8%]. No significant correlation was found among the lesions, except for acute metritis, [p=0.475]. Conducting a clinical and paraclinical study on fertile animals in the Ahwaz region is highly recommended to reduce the economic losses due to uterine infection

Pathological and bacteriological study of lobe distribution of lesions in buffalo [Bubalus bubalis]

The correlation between the bacteriological agent of buffalo pneumonia and its pathologic characteristics were investigated. In the present study, 333 samples of buffalo lungs in Iran were studied for pneumonial lesions and evidence of bacterial and viral infection. The type of pneumonia was classified as interstitial, fibrinous or purulent bronchopneumonia and the anatomical location of lesions was also recorded. In 201 samples with interstitial pneumonia, the lungs were found to be noticeably elastic, edematous and pale. Microscopically, thickening of the alveoli walls, hyperplasia and increased numbers of monocytes was seen. Lesions were mostly found in the right and left diaphragmatic lobes. The 55 samples with fibrinous bronchopneumonia were macroscopically bright and marbled and firm in texture. Thickening of the alveoli walls and large numbers of neutrophils were evident at the microscopic level, and the majority of lesions were located in the diaphragmatic lobes. Microscopically, a large number of neutrophils but few macrophages were seen. Of the 24 samples with purulent bronchopneumonia, most lesions were found in the left diaphragmatic lobe. The main bacteria that were isolated were: Pasturella spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas cuosis, Acinetobacter spp, Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Escherichia coll and Proteus spp. Given the importance of buffalo in milk and meat production for Khuzestan province, this study could be considered as a basis for future attempts to reduce buffalo mortality due to respiratory diseases